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Publikace detail

Archaeometallurgical investigation of copper metallurgy remains from the Fourth Dynasty settlement at Giza

Autoři: Kmošek Jiří

Rok: 2019

Druh publikace: ostatní - přednáška nebo poster

Strana od-do: nestránkováno

Tituly:

Jazyk	Název	Abstrakt	Klíčová slova
eng	Archaeometallurgical investigation of copper metallurgy remains from the Fourth Dynasty settlement at Giza	Austrian team, led by Karl Kromer, excavated in years 1971–1975 in the south-eastern part of the Giza necropolis, near the so called Southern Hill, with a view on Giza pyramids. Kromer realized that what he was excavating, was a settlement refuse, secondary or even tertiary deposition of discarded material culture from the Fourth Dynasty, from the reigns of Khufu and Khafra. The finds were published few years after the excavation (Kromer 1978). The material was divided between Egyptian Museum, Cairo, and excavator. This latter part of material is stored now in the Studiensammlung des Instituts für Urgeschichte und Historische Archäologie, Universität Wien, With a permission from the curator of the collection, Ass.-Prof. Mag. Dr. Alois Stuppner, we have sampled a selection of the objects from Giza, remains of copper metallurgy (slags and crucible fragments), copper artefacts and their fragments, and a selection of faience objects. We applied in this study a wide range of archaeometallurgical methods to the set of almost 40 samples. Selected copper alloy artefacts have been studied by metallographic methods in combination with microhardness tests and SEM/EDS analysis. Fragment of vitrified crucible, slags, and copper alloy prills were analysed in the form of cross sections by methods of optical microscopy, SEM with EDS and WDS analysers and by µXRD. Lead isotope analyses carried out using a MC-ICP-MS spectrometer and neutron activation analysis of trace elements composition of copper alloy objects and copper alloy prills were applied in order to better understand the geographic provenance of the copper ores used. In this paper, we would like to discuss the results and preliminary interpretation of the data. Analysed copper alloy tools were made from alloy of arsenical copper with 0.7 to 5.3 weight percent of arsenic and their hardness ranges between 65 and 162 HV units. Fragment of vitrified crucible and samples of slags contain copper and arsenical copper prills rich	Giza, metallurgical workshop, NAA, lead isotopes